Confirmed
Set and setting, the mindset and environment of the person taking a psychedelic, are primary determinants of the experience's character and therapeutic outcome.
Claim source
Moksha correspondence, 1955-1963Current evidence · confidence: high
Borkel et al. (Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology, 2024), a correlational survey, found that set and setting variables were associated with psychedelic outcomes. The MAPS MDMA-AT protocol and company psilocybin protocol both specify detailed set and setting requirements. The claim that the FDA's 2024 decision on the MDMA application cited inadequate standardization of setting variables could not be confirmed (Source not found; under review).Citation
Borkel et al. (2024); Hartogsohn, J Psychopharmacol (2016)