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Every major plant-derived drug in the modern pharmacopoeia was first identified through ethnobotanical observation

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Every major plant-derived drug in the modern pharmacopoeia was first identified through ethnobotanical observation

Partially Confirmed recorded as “True for Many, Not Every” Plants of the Gods

Documented cases: quinine (malaria) from Cinchona, Quechua peoples; curare (muscle relaxant) from Strychnos/Chondrodendron, Amazonian peoples; aspirin from willow bark, multiple cultures; morphine from opium poppy, ancient Mediterranean and Asian cultures; taxol from Pacific yew, discovered through systematic screening of plants identified in ethnobotanical literature; artemisinin (malaria) from qinghao, Chinese traditional medicine. The pattern is common but not universal: taxol (paclitaxel) came from a US National Cancer Institute plant screening program rather than traditional use, so 'every' is too strong. Newman & Cragg (Journal of Natural Products, 2020): approximately 50% of drugs approved 1981-2019 were natural product-derived.